Growth and Yield of Rice Planted in a Tidal Soil Under NPK in situ and Cow Manure Application

Dedik Budianta; Jerry Alfredo Lee Panggar Bessy; Agus Hermawan

doi:10.5400/jts.2021.v26i2.51-62

Growth and Yield of Rice Planted in a Tidal Soil Under NPK in situ and Cow Manure Application

Dedik Budianta, Jerry Alfredo Lee Panggar Bessy, Agus Hermawan

Abstract

The specific location fertilization or in situ fertilization rate is a dynamic application and management method dynamically adapted to the plant’s need according to location and season related to soil chemical properties and aims to increase farmer profit. This greenhouse experiment aimed to evaluate the NPK fertilizer dose based on in situ soil chemistry of tidal swamp compared to NPK recommendation combined with cow manure from the local farm. These pot experiments were conducted from June to October 2019 in a Greenhouse of Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir of South Sumatra. This experiment used a factorial completely randomized design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was NPK fertilizer rate consisting of two levels (200 kg ha-1 Urea, 100 kg ha-1 SP-36, and 100 kg ha-1 KCl) from recommended fertilizer, and (102 kg ha-1 Urea, 0 kg ha-1 SP-36, and 66 kg ha-1 KCl) from the in situ soil analysis. The second factor was cow manure with four levels (2, 6, 8, and 10 Mg ha-1). The result showed that recommended NPK combined with 10 Mg ha-1 cow manure was the best for rice production in tidal lowland and produced 2.5 Mg ha-1. However, this result was not significant compared to NPK specific locations combined with the same rate of cow manure.

Keywords

cow manure; NPK; rice; site-specific; tidal swamp land

Full Text:

PDF

References

Abbasi MR and AR Sepaskhah. 2011. Response of different rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) to water-saving irrigation in greenhouse conditions. Inter J Plant Prod 5: 37-47.

Abdullah. 2016. Study to increased lowland rice production through the specific location of nutrient management (SLNM) on the low potential productivity of lowland. J Pen Pertanian Terapan 16: 30-39

Aksani D, D Budianta and A Hermawan. 2018. Determination of Site-specific NPK Fertilizer Rates for Rice Grown on Tidal Lowland. J Trop Soils 23: 19-25.

Audebert A and KI Sahrawat. 2000. Mechanism for iron toxicity tolerance in lowland rice. J Plant Nutr 23: 1877-1885.

Azeez JO and WV Averbeke. 2011. Effect of manure types and period of incubation on phosphorus-sorption indices of a weathered tropical soil. Comm Soil Sci Plant Anal 42: 2200-2218.

Basyuni Z. 2009. Mineral dan batuan sumber unsur hara P dan K. Departemen Pendidikan Nasional Universitas Jendral Soedirman Fakultas Sains dan Teknik Program Studi Teknik Geologi Purbalingga. (in Indonesian).

Bhagat MA, AR Mahar, I Rajpar, GS Channa, AA Mirbahar, MA Saand, A Majid, WB Jatoi and MH Sirohi. 2019. Potassium applications on rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes under saline environment. Sindh Univ. Res Jour (Sci Ser) 51: 333-338.

BBPPSLP. 2016. Inovasi Teknologi Sumberdaya Lahan Untuk Pertanian Berkelanjutan. Bogor: BBPPSLP. (in Indonesian).

Budianta D, Ermatita, A Napoleon. A Hermawan and H Wijayanti. 2017. Evaluation of some soil chemical properties of tidal swampland after long-term cultivation. Int J Engg Res Sci Tech 6: 12-21.

Budianta D, A Napoleon, A Paripurna and Ermatita. 2019. Growth and production of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merill) with different fertilizer strategies in tidal soil from South Sumatra, Indonesia. Spanish J Soil Sci 9: 54-62.

Connolly EL and ML Guerinot. 2002. Iron stress in plants. Genome Biol 3: 1021-1024.

Das S, ST Jeong, S Das, and PJ Kim. 2017. Composted cattle manure increases microbial activity and soil fertility more than composted swine manure in a submerged rice paddy. Front Microbiol 8: 1702. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01702.

De Datta SK. 1981. Principle and Practices of Rice Production. John Willey and Sons, Inc: New York. 618.

Duan YH, YL Zhang, LY Ye, XR Fan, GH Xu and QR Shen. 2007. Responses of rice cultivars with different nitrogen use efficiency to partial nitrate nutrition. Ann Bot 99: 1153-1160.

Fageria NK, A Moreira, EPB Ferreira and AM Knupp. 2013. Potassium-Use Efficiency in Upland Rice Genotypes. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal 44: 2656-2665.

Fahmi A, M Alwi and D Nursyamsi. 2018. The role of inundation types of tidal swampland on the chemical properties of potentially acid sulphate soils under fertilizer and lime application. J Trop Soils 23: 55-64.

Font-Palma C. 2019. Methods for the treatment of cattle manure-A Review. J Carbon Res 5: 27. doi: 10.3390/c5020027.

Gani A and H Sembiring. 2007. Respon padi varietas Ciherang dan Mendawak terhadap N, P dan K di tanah dari desa Tanjung, Lhoknga. Communication Forum 8 Agustus 2007 di Saree-Aceh Besar, NSW DPI-ACIAR and IARD-Indonesia. (in Indonesian).

Gupta KK, KR Aneja and D Rana. 2016. Current status of cow dung as a bioresource for sustainable development. Bioresour Bioprocess 3: 1-12.

Guppy CN, NW Menzies, PW Moody and FPC Blamey. 2005 Competitive sorption reactions between phosphorus and organic matter in soil: a review. Soil Res 43: 189-202

Hairmansis A, B Kustianto, Supartopo and Suwarno. 2010. Correlation Analysis of Agronomic Characters and Grain Yield of Rice for Tidal Swamp Areas. Indones J Agr Sci 11: 11-15

Huang J, Z Yu1, H Gao, X Yan, J Chang, C Wang, J Hu and I Zhang. 2017. Chemical structures and characteristics of animal manures and composts during composting and assessment of maturity indices. PLoS One12: 2-16.

Imanudin MI and E Armanto. 2012. Effect of Water Management Improvement on Soil Nutrient Content, Iron and Aluminum Solubility at Tidal Low Land Area. APCBEE Procedia 4: 253-258

IRRI. 1996. Standard Evaluation System for Rice. International Rice Research Institute : Manila, the Philipines. 49.

Irshad M, AE Eneji, Z Hussain and M Ashraf. 2013. Chemical characterization of fresh and composted livestock manures. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 13: 115-121.

Indonesian Center for Rice Research. 2016. Info.litbang.pertanian.go.id. Retrieved on November 20, 2016.

Kirk G. 2004. The biogeochemistry of submerged soils. John Wiley and Sons Ltd, England.

Kiyasudeen SK and MH Ibrahim bin SA Ismail. 2015. Characterization of fresh cattle wastes using proximate, microbial, and spectroscopic principles. Am Eurasian J Agric Environ Sci 15: 1700-1709.

Kumar R, AK Pandey, AK Singh and AK Verma. 2013. Performance of rice genotypes under low land ecosystem of Jharkhand. Environ Ecol 31: 1801-1805

Lyu X, J Yu, M Zhou, B Ma, G Wang, C Zhan, G Han, B Guan, H Wu, Y Li and D Wang. 2015. Changes of soil particle size distribution in tidal flats in the yellow river delta. PLoS One 10: e0121368. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121368.

Malav JK and VP Ramani. 2016. Yield and nutrient content of rice as influenced by silicon and nitrogen application. Res J Chem Environ Sci 4: 46-49.

Masdar MK, R Bujang, H Nurhajati and Helmi. 2006. Tingkat hasil dan komponen hasil Sistem Intensifikasi Padi (SRI) tanpa pupuk organik di daerah curah hujan tinggi. J Ilmu Pertanian 8: 126-131. (in Indonesian).

Matshusima and Muratha. 1980. Fisiologi dan Moroflogi Tanaman Padi (buku 1). Balitan Pangan. Bogor. (in Indonesian).

Mawardi, BH Sunarminto, BH Purwanto, P Sudira and Gunawan. 2020. The Influence of Tidal on Fe Distribution at Tidal Swamp Rice-Farming in Barito River Area, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. BIO Web of Conferences 20: 02002. doi:10.1051/bioconf/20202002002.

Mulyani A and I Las. (2008). Potensi sumber daya lahan dan optimalisasi pengembangan komoditas penghasil bioenergi di Indonesia. J litbang pertanian 27: 31-41. (in Indonesian).

Noor A, I Lubis, M Ghulamahdi, MA Chosin, K Anwar and D Wirnas. 2012. Pengaruh konsentrasi besi dalam larutan hara terhadap gejala keracunan besi dan pertumbuhan tanaman padi. J Agronomi Indonesia 40: 91-98. (in Indonesian).

Novia D, A Rakhmadi A, F Purwati, I Juliyarsi, R Hairani and F Syalsafilah. 2019. The characteristics of organic fertilizer made of cow feces using the Indigenous Micro-Organisms (IMO) from raw manures. IOP Conf Series: Earth Environ Sci 287: 012025. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/287/1/012025

Pawar SY, VV Radhakrishnan and KV Mohanan. 2016. The importance of optimum tillering in rice–an overview. South Indian J Biol Sci 2: 125 127.

Prasetyo BH, S Suping, H Subagyo, Mujiono and H Suhardjo. 2001. Characteristics of rice soils from the tidal flat areas of Musi Banyuasin, South Sumatra. Indones J Agr Sci 2: 10-26.

Raj A, MK Jhariya and P Toppo. 2014. Cow Dung for Ecofriendly and Sustainable Productive Farming. Int J Scientific Res 3: 201-202.

Rochmat HF dan Sugiyanta. 2010. Pengaruh Pupuk Organik dan Anorganik Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L.). Makalah Seminar Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura IPB. (in Indonesian).

Rusdiansyah and M Saleh. 2017. Response of Two Local Rice Cultivars to Different Doses of Nitrogen Fertilizer in Two Paddy Fields. AGRIVITA J Agr Sci 39: 137-144.

Saragih S. 2013. Empat Kunci Sukses Pengelolaan Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut untuk Usaha Pertanian Berkelanjutan. Admin : Yoan Destina, 16 Agustus 2013. (in Indonesian).

Senewe RE and JB Alfons. 2011. Kajian adaptasi beberapa varietas unggul baru padi sawah pada sentra produksi padi di Seram bagian Barat propinsi Maluku. J Budidaya Pertanian 7:60-64. (in Indonesian).

Soemartono, Bahrin, Hardjono dan Iskandar. 1984. Bercocok Tanam Padi. CV Yasaguna. Jakarta.

Sudarsono WA, M Melati M and SA Aziz. 2014. Growth and Yield of Organic Rice with Cow Manure Application in the First Cropping Season. AGRIVITA J Agr Sci 36: 21-25.

Suhartini T. 2004. Breeding rice variety tolerant to iron toxicity. Bull Plasm Nutr 10: 1-11

Supriyo A and R Sutanto. 1999. Pengelolaan bahan organik untuk keberlanjutan hasil pola tumpang gilir jagung-kacang tanah pada tanah kering masam. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pertanian Organik. Palembang, pp. 109-128. (in Indonesian).

Tanaka A and T Tadano. 1972. Potassium in relation to iron toxicity of the rice plant. Potash Rev 21: 1-12.

Toha HM, K Permadi and SJ Munarso. 2002. Pengaruh pemberian pupuk kalium dan nitrogen terhadap hasil padi dan mutu beras IR64. J Penelitian Pertanian 21: 17-25.

Triadiati, AA Pratama and S Abdurrahman. 2012. Pertumbuhan dan efisiensi penggunaan nitrogen pada padi (Oryza sativa L.) dengan pemberian pupuk urea yang berbeda. Anatomi dan Fisiologi 20: 1-14. (in Indonesian).

Usman W. 2015. Cow dung, goat, and poultry manure and their effects on the average yields and growth parameters of tomato crop. J Biol Agr Healthcare 5: 7-10.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2021.v26i2.51-62