Characterization and Classification of Soils in Landslide Residual Zones to Estimate the Presence of Shallow Slip Plane

Amir Noviyanto

doi:10.5400/jts.2025.v30i1.%p

Characterization and Classification of Soils in Landslide Residual Zones to Estimate the Presence of Shallow Slip Plane

Amir Noviyanto

Abstract

Penentuan tanah longsor didasarkan pada topografi dan geologi. Masih jarang menghubungkan karakteristik tanah dengan kemungkinan tanah longsor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan karakteristik tanah dengan klasifikasinya dengan kemungkinan adanya slip field dangkal yang menyebabkan terjadinya longsor. Penelitian dimulai dengan melakukan survei di tiga lokasi longsor dengan jenis material tanah yang berbeda. Karakterisasi dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada zona residu yang tersisa di bagian atas longsor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa tanah longsor dapat diidentifikasi memiliki potensi slip plane hanya pada kedalaman profil 120 cm dan beberapa tidak bisa. Dua longsor yang terjadi di Magelang menunjukkan adanya ufuk endopedon yang khas, yaitu Bt (argillic dan candic). Cakrawala argilik (saturasi basa < 35%) dan kandik (saturasi basa > 35%) adalah situs akumulasi bahan tanah liat halus dan plastik. Kandungan bahan organik yang rendah juga membuat struktur tidak stabil dan mudah tersebar. Sementara itu, salah satu longsor yang terjadi di Purworejo menunjukkan bahwa profil tanah di zona residu memiliki kandungan lempung yang rendah dan tidak terbentuk horizon Bt. Kehadiran cakrawala argillik dan candic dangkal (lebih dari 60% kandungan tanah liat) menunjukkan kemungkinan tanah longsor.

Keywords

Landslide; Residual zone; Soil properties; Soil classification; Argillic

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2025.v30i1.%25p