Application of Organic Fertilizer-Enriched Microbes and Biochar in Various Land Management Systems on Total N, Available P, and Available K in Pineapple Plantations
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Abstract
The decline in pineapple production in Lampung is closely related to soil degradation. This study examined the soil management system and the effects of soil management and organic fertilizer application, influenced by microbes and biochar, on the availability of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in pineapple plantation soils. The study was conducted at PT Great Giant Pineapple (GGP), and soil analysis was conducted at PT GGP’s R&D center. The study used a split plot design with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The main plots were soil management systems: T1 (plow the land to a depth of 30 cm + chop the pineapple litter 1 time) and T2 (plow the land to a depth of 40 cm + chop the pineapple litter 2 times). The subplots were organic fertilizer combined with microbes and biochar: P1 (GGP compost 50 tons ha-1), P2 (GGP compost 40 tons ha-1 + biochar 10 tons ha-1), P3 (GGP premium compost 50 tons ha-1), and P4 (GGP premium compost 50 tons ha-1 + LOB microbes 40 L ha-1). The results showed that T1P1 increased total soil N in plants from 6 MAP to 9 MAP by 0.03%, but this was not significant at 3 and 6 MAP. Treatment T1P1 increased soil available P from 3 MAP to 6 MAP by 23.77 ppm. Treatment T1P1 and T2P3 increased soil available K from 3 MAP to 6 MAP by 19.77 ppm and 11.06 ppm, respectively. T1P1 did not interact with T2P3 in increasing soil nutrients. However, T1P1 interacted with total N, available P, and available K. The correlation test showed a positive correlation between pH and available K in the 3rd MAP observation, between organic C and total N in the 6th MAP observation, and between organic C and available P in the 9th MAP observation. Implementing T1P1 addition of compost-based biochar (50 GGP ton ha-1) with 30 cm tillage and 1× shredding of plant litter increased soil N, P, and K.
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